The broad types of soil found in Zambia are: In areas where soils are waterlogged for all or part of the year, or are very infertile, sandy or acidic, they take over from climate as the predominant factor in determining the distribution of plants and animals. What is the difference between a tornado and a hurricane? Its surface is almost invariably consisting of a geologically stable land mass made up of the pre-Cambrian basement rock overlain in part by sedimentary cover of a later period. The climate of Zambia in Central and Southern Africa is definitely tropical modified by altitude (elevation). The coolest area overall is the high Nyika plateau, in the northeast on the border with Malawi. Convectional rain. None of the country is arid. Camerapix: "Spectrum Guide to Zambia." This rain flows into rivers and streams and these rivers and streams bring the water back to the sea where the cycle begins again. Easily compare offers from top rated tour operators. When the Sun heats the Earth's surface, the ground heats the air above it. Southern areas of Madagascar are facing a very poor early stage of the season, with potential impacts persisting from the significant drought of the previous growing season of 2019-2020. Dry season May to October Winter. Usually the days in November are hot while the nights are a bit cooler. Camerapix International Publishing, Nairobi, 1996. The climate of the capital, Lusaka, is the same as that of the higher areas of central and southern Zambia, including Kafue National Park. It can occur almost Clouds form, and precipitation occurs. kcse geography Zambia has a predominantly humid subtropical climate with small patches of semi-arid steppe in the southwest of the country. By. necta biology past paper Therefore, a Climate Change Gender Action Plan was published by the government in 2018. Flooding is an annual event on floodplains, to which people and wildlife are adapted. The convective storm started when hail 5 to 10 cms diameter hit a number of rural counties. On the leeward side of the mountain it is dry. Zambia is right in the tropics and gets lots of rain in the Wet season (November to April). Climate and specifically rainfall amount is the chief determinant of type and distribution of the ecoregions of Zambia. In some years, it moves south of Zambia, leading to a "little dry season" in the north of the country for three or four weeks in December. Copy. Open a list of all cookies, Below you can decide which type of cookies you would like to keep switched on. Heavily Indebted Poor C ountry (HIPC), Zambia has recently qualified for debt relief under the Multilateral Debt Relief Initiative (MDRI). How do weather and climate affect river landscapes? Private tourMid-rangeLodge, You Visit: Mfuwe (Start), South Luangwa NP, Mfuwe Airport (Mfuwe), Mfuwe (End). Three climate regions are recognized based on rainfall dynamics and vegetation: Region 1: Tropical savannas covering the country's major valleys, including the driest areas of Zambia, with annual rainfall below 600 mm. In geography, a location's relief is the difference between its highest and lowest elevations. How did the temperate deciduous woodland get like this? In Barotseland, people move with their livestock, grazing them on the Barotse Floodplain in the dry season and moving to higher ground at the margins during the rainy season. Q Explain why Sialkot has over 250 mm of rain in July and August? [2][citation needed], Deciduous trees which lose leaves in the dry season to conserve water predominate over evergreens which have waxy leaf cuticles for the same purpose. Zambia borders Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia in the The climate is also determined by wind pattern, relief(how high the place is) etc. Compared to many other Southern African countries, Zambia has relatively abundant land and water. Researched evidence suggested that temperature was likely to increase by 1.82oC and rainfall reduce by 0.87 percentage points by 2050. Tours, Mozambique Water levels have risen dramatically with some parts of the country receiving a seasons worth of rain in just a matter of weeks. Black soils of floodplains are fertile, grasses grow on them as soon as the annual flood recedes and provide a rich resource for herbivores. Since the beginning of January, following the first floods in Mambwe and Lumezi, the DMMU has been distributing food, tents and water treatment chemicals for the affected population. As a result, rainfall is usually low on the leeward side of the mountain range and the area is said to be in a rain shadow. Elsewhere, plants and animals are adapted to the long dry season. kcse revision notes Heavy rainfall has driven flash and riverine flooding in Zambia, including in areas previously impacted by severe drought. Case study 7: Exploring daily rainfall data to investigate evidence of climate change in southern Zambia and its implication for farmers in the area Parin Kurjia, Durton Nanja b, Roger Sternc a Head, Biometry Unit, Department of Crop Science, University of Overview; Climate Data. Such communities are said to be edaphic, and are found on grey dambo soils, black floodplain soils and Kalahari sands. Zambia has not been spared from the scourge of land degradation especially during the past ten (10) years. These are Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Muchinga, Northern, North-Western, Rain occurs on the Windward side and little/no rain on the leeward slope. During the rainy season months of November to April or May some days may be humid, but daily maximum temperatures are usually a little lower than in the hot dry season. Plants susceptible to frost do not grow in the southern half of the country. We're expecting roughly 8 to 15 days of rain, so your rubber boots and . What problems are caused by global warming? It makes cumulonimbus clouds. Copyright 2023 SafariBookings. Except for those living in areas of permanent freshwater, animals are adapted to the long dry season, as seen in migration and breeding patterns. There are two main seasons: the rainy season (November to April) corresponding to summer, and the dry season (May to October/November), corresponding to winter. Much of the ecoregion in Southern Province (sometimes referred to as the Southern Plateau) and the south-east of Eastern Province (sometimes referred to as the Eastern Plateau) has been cleared for farming and ranching. Zambia has a sub-tropical climate that is tempered by its relatively high altitude, making it more temperate and pleasant than other sub-tropical areas. Stephen is a travel writer and avid conservationist whose work appears in prestigious magazines such as Africa Geographic and Travel Africa. Heavy rainfall has driven flash and riverine flooding in Zambia, including in areas previously impacted by severe drought. How can we increase the amount of food produced globally? Farmers in the east and south of In January the ITCZ is in its southernmost Historically, Zambia has been prone to extreme rainfall events resulting in widespread flooding. It covers: Covering about 15% of the country in the south, and drier than the Central Zambezian ecoregion, trees in this ecoregion are more scattered and generally smaller, and the relative proportion of woody shrubs is greater. Here are the three main types of rainfall: Relief Rainfall. Zambia - Zambia - Climate: Although Zambia lies within the tropics, its climate is modified by the altitude of the country and is generally favourable to human settlement and comfort. When the Sun heats the Earth's surface, the ground heats the air above it. Convectional Rainfall. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Quick NetOne, Telecel, Africom, And Econet Airtime Recharge, Advantages and Disadvantages of wood as a source of energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity, Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear power as a source of energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Natural gas as a source of energy. It occurs only on: The great freshwater lakes of Tanganyika, Mweru, Bangweulu and Kariba (an artificial reservoir), together with the smaller lakes such as Mweru Wantipa and Itezhi-Tezhi reservoir, and numerous lagoons and swamps cover about 5% of Zambia. civics past papers UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, United Nations COVID-19 Emergency Appeal Zambia (May - October 2020), Zambia Humanitarian Appeal, October 2019 - March 2020, ACAPS Briefing Note: Drought Southern Province (11 July 2019), Zambia: Flood in Southern Province - DREF Application (MDRZM019). Much of population is concentrated in the country's most developed areaknown as the Line of Railwhich is served by the railway linking the Copperbelt with . Three types of rainfall are: Convectional rainfall, this type of rainfall occurs due to thermal convention due to heating of the ground surface. The southern and western areas of the country have this year experienced their lowest rainfall since 1981, as well . The numbers relate to the location labels on the map. Specific Objectives: (i) To investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of seasonal (NDJFM) . Relief rain usually occurs along coastal areas where a line of hills runs along the . The rain can be cooling, unlike in the humid tropics. What are the differences in global calorie intake and food supply? 6 Climate change in Zambia: Impacts and adaptation. How has demand for water in the UK changed? This is a type of rainfall that occur when warmer air is forced to rise over cold air. Thus they produce a Rain shadow area. The western part of Zambia that borders Angola is significantly warmer. The yield gap between actual yields and . Grasses and some other herbaceous plants dry up above ground but regenerate quickly with the onset of rains from roots and tubers, etc. Around 70% of the Zambian thicket has been lost to land clearing and at the present rate the rest will vanish within 20 years. the average yearly rainfall for Scotland is Species susceptible to trypanosomiasis are not found in such valleys. [3][citation needed]. Changing rates of rainforest deforestation. There are three main types of rainfall that occur frequently and depend on a variety of factors. Six ecoregions are represented of which the first four listed below are woodland savannas, consisting of a grass cover 12 m high, and hardwood deciduous trees and/or hardwood shrubs, which range in ground coverage from 'scattered' to 'abundant'. In south India, the Mangalore is located on the western windward slope and gets 2000 mm of rainfall. pp (EUR), Zambia: [5][citation needed]. What are the different types of weathering? The Zambia PPCR is both strategic and transformational. This type of rainfall is common in places with mountains and sea. Results when near saturated, warm maritime air is forced to rise by a coastal mountain barrier. Convectional rainfall occur for very short duration but occur in form of heavy showers. When the land warms up, it heats the air above it. The country does not suffer tornadoes or cyclones of widespread destructive force. Rainfall at Kabwe is stable over long periods of time but varies considerably in the short term over periods of approximately 8 and 4 years. Once over the top of the mountain the air will usually drop down the other side, warming as it does so. The main sites are: This biome covers an area of only about 100km on the northern border with Malawi, being an extension of a much larger area in Malawi and Tanzania, and so is frequently not counted as present in Zambia. kcse past papers landforms. conserves both inter-specific and intra-specific diversity of crop species . Succulent plants are also widespread, especially in rocky areas. 3.2 Wetlands 3.3 Zambia has Eight Wetlands of International Importance which include, the Kafue Flats . Before the floods, more than 2.3 million people were expected to be severely food . Sue is an award-winning writer who specializes in African travel and conservation. The chain extends into Namibia and Botswana at one end (Caprivi wetlands and Okavango Swamp) and to Tanzania and Kenya at the other. Most of South Africa is a summer rainfall area, November to March, while the Western Cape Province receives most of its rain during winter, May to August. To access more Ordinary level Geography topics go to Geography Notes Home. . The annual cycle of rainfall over Zambia (Fig.2) indicates that the rainfall season lies between November and March (NDJFM) over . Relief rainfall is formed when the air cools as it rises over relief features in the landscape such as hills or mountains. The rest of the year is hot and dry. Indeed, the government buys maize from the farmers through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) for two purposes: for resale to millers in case of a shortage and for relief in hunger stricken areas. By clicking Accept you agree that we use Analytical cookies for gathering information about how our The government of Zambia through the ZVAC undertook an assessment of the impact of the drought situation on different sectors during the month of May 2019. Zambia. [citation needed], Deciduous trees which lose leaves in the dry season to conserve water predominate over evergreens which have waxy leaf cuticles for the same purpose. Relief rain. Frontal rain produces a variety of clouds, which bring moderate to heavy rainfall. Three terrestrial biomes are well represented in the country (with an additional one extending a few kilometres over the border). Sustainable Management of the Tropical Rainforest, Sustainable Management of the Amazon Rainforest. Rainfall and recharge to a dolomite aquifer in a semi-arid climate at Kabwe, Zambia. Safaris, Rwanda The River Tees landforms of erosion and deposition, Case Study Ganges/Brahmaputra River Basin, Geological time is on a different time to human time, Different rocks create contrasting landforms and landscapes. Except for those living in areas of permanent freshwater, animals are adapted to the long dry season, as seen in migration and breeding patterns. necta csee chemistry past papers How have plants adapted to cold environments? all form four past paper Along the banks of permanent rivers and in the spray of waterfalls are evergreen thickets similar in character to tropical rainforest, relics of a wetter past. Rainfall is the amount of water falling in rain, snow, etc., within a given time and area, usually expressed as a hypothetical depth of coverage. Relief rain usually occurs along coastal areas where a line of hills runs along the . You can expect rain for roughly half of the month of November in Zambia. The ecoregion has suffered extensive deforestation, especially in the highly urbanised Copperbelt Province due to charcoal production and clearing for farming, the centre of Central Province (for farming and ranching), and around Kasama and Mansa (charcoal production and chitemene farming). This area is called the rain shadow. The latter may also survive the dry season through drought-resistant forms. Zambia. The torrential rainfall and flooding could aggravate the already fragile food insecurity situation in Zambia.
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